- Qt 6.5
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- QML Dynamic View Ordering Tutorial 4 - Sorting Items
- Qt 6.5.1 Reference Documentation

QML Dynamic View Ordering Tutorial 3 - Moving Dragged Items

# QML Dynamic View Ordering Tutorial 4 - Sorting Items

Drag and drop isn't the only way items in a view can be re-ordered, using a DelegateModel it is also possible to sort items based on model data. To do that we extend our DelegateModel instance like this:

         DelegateModel {
             id: visualModel
             property var lessThan: [
                 function(left, right) { return left.name < right.name },
                 function(left, right) { return left.type < right.type },
                 function(left, right) { return left.age < right.age },
                 function(left, right) {
                     if (left.size == "Small")
                         return true
                     else if (right.size == "Small")
                         return false
                     else if (left.size == "Medium")
                         return true
                     else
                         return false
                 }
             ]

             property int sortOrder: orderSelector.selectedIndex
             onSortOrderChanged: items.setGroups(0, items.count, "unsorted")

             function insertPosition(lessThan, item) {
                 let lower = 0
                 let upper = items.count
                 while (lower < upper) {
                     const middle = Math.floor(lower + (upper - lower) / 2)
                     const result = lessThan(item.model, items.get(middle).model)
                     if (result) {
                         upper = middle
                     } else {
                         lower = middle + 1
                     }
                 }
                 return lower
             }

             function sort(lessThan) {
                 while (unsortedItems.count > 0) {
                     const item = unsortedItems.get(0)
                     const index = insertPosition(lessThan, item)

                     item.groups = "items"
                     items.move(item.itemsIndex, index)
                 }
             }

             items.includeByDefault: false
             groups: DelegateModelGroup {
                 id: unsortedItems
                 name: "unsorted"

                 includeByDefault: true
                 onChanged: {
                     if (visualModel.sortOrder == visualModel.lessThan.length)
                         setGroups(0, count, "items")
                     else
                         visualModel.sort(visualModel.lessThan[visualModel.sortOrder])
                 }
             }
             model: PetsModel {}
             delegate: dragDelegate
         }

##### Walkthrough

Items in a DelegateModel are filtered into groups represented by the DelegateModelGroup type, normally all items in the model belong to a default items group but this default can be changed with the includeByDefault property. To implement our sorting we want items to first be added to an unsorted group from where we can transfer them to a sorted position in the items group. To do that we clear includeByDefault on the items group and set it on a new group name 'unsorted'.

             items.includeByDefault: false
             groups: DelegateModelGroup {
                 id: unsortedItems
                 name: "unsorted"

                 includeByDefault: true
             }

We sort the items by first finding the position in the items group to insert the first unsorted item and then transfer the item to the items group before moving it to the pre-determined index and repeat until the unsorted group is empty.

To find the insert position for an item we request a handle for the item from the unsorted group with the get() function. Through the model property on this handle we can access the same model data that is available in a delegate instance of that item and compare against other items to determine relative position.

             function insertPosition(lessThan, item) {
                 let lower = 0
                 let upper = items.count
                 while (lower < upper) {
                     const middle = Math.floor(lower + (upper - lower) / 2)
                     const result = lessThan(item.model, items.get(middle).model)
                     if (result) {
                         upper = middle
                     } else {
                         lower = middle + 1
                     }
                 }
                 return lower
             }

             function sort(lessThan) {
                 while (unsortedItems.count > 0) {
                     const item = unsortedItems.get(0)
                     const index = insertPosition(lessThan, item)

                     item.groups = "items"
                     items.move(item.itemsIndex, index)
                 }
             }

The lessThan argument to the sort function is a comparsion function which will determine the order of the list. In this example it can be one of the following:

             property var lessThan: [
                 function(left, right) { return left.name < right.name },
                 function(left, right) { return left.type < right.type },
                 function(left, right) { return left.age < right.age },
                 function(left, right) {
                     if (left.size == "Small")
                         return true
                     else if (right.size == "Small")
                         return false
                     else if (left.size == "Medium")
                         return true
                     else
                         return false
                 }
             ]

A sort is triggered whenever new items are added to the unsorted DelegateModel which we are notified of by the DelegateModelGroup `onChanged` handler. If no sort function is currently selected we simply transfer all items from the unsorted group to the items group, otherwise we call sort with the selected sort function.

             groups: DelegateModelGroup {
                 id: unsortedItems
                 name: "unsorted"

                 includeByDefault: true
                 onChanged: {
                     if (visualModel.sortOrder == visualModel.lessThan.length)
                         setGroups(0, count, "items")
                     else
                         visualModel.sort(visualModel.lessThan[visualModel.sortOrder])
                 }
             }

Finally when the selected sort order changes we can trigger a full re-sort of the list by moving all items from the items group to the unsorted group, which will trigger the DelegateModelGroup `onChanged` handler and transfer the items back to the items group in correct order. Note that the DelegateModelGroup `onChanged` handler will not be invoked recursively so there's no issue with it being invoked during a sort.

             property int sortOrder: orderSelector.selectedIndex
             onSortOrderChanged: items.setGroups(0, items.count, "unsorted")

Example project @ code.qt.io

QML Dynamic View Ordering Tutorial 3 - Moving Dragged Items