Qt for Android - Building from Source | Qt 5.14

Qt 5.14 | Qt for Android - Building from Source

Qt 5.14.1 Reference Documentation

# Qt for Android - Building from Source

You can download the Qt 5 sources from the Downloads page. For more information, visit the Getting Started with Qt page.

Qt for Android has some requirements that are described in more detail in Getting Started with Qt for Android.

## Installing the Android SDK and NDK on Linux

On Linux, you can install the Android SDK and NDK in one of two ways:

1. via scripted installation for Linux
2. via manual installation

### Scripted Installation

For any Debian-based Linux, use the following command:

      apt install build-essential android-sdk

If you require openjdk, add `default-jdk-headless` to the command above.

It's recommended to install the NDK using sdkmanager, with the following commands:

      sdkmanager --verbose --licenses
      sdkmanager --update
      sdkmanager "platforms;android-28" "ndk-bundle" "build-tools;28.0.3" "platform-tools" "tools"

### Manual Installation

1. Download Android Studio from https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html.
2. Open Android Studio and run the SDK Manager tool from Tools > Android > SDK Manager. If this toolbar isn't visible, you can enable it from the View menu: select Toolbar.
3. Download the Android NDK from https://developer.android.com/tools/sdk/ndk/index.html.

   Note: As of Qt 5.12, Android NDK r18 is required and gcc toolchains are no longer supported.

4. Ensure that the NDK supports the API level you're targeting. To verify, check your path_to_NDK/platforms directory.

   Note: As of Qt 5.13, any API level >= 21 is sufficient.

5. Install a JDK with a version of 1.6 or newer from https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html. Alternatively, you can use OpenJDK.

         apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk

### Building Qt for Android on Linux

1. If you have a commercially licensed Qt, install your license file. If you're using a binary installer or the commercial Qt Creator, your licenses are automatically fetched and stored in your local user profile: `$XDG_DATA_HOME/Qt/qtlicenses.ini`. Alternatively, you can download the respective license file from your Qt Account Web portal and save it to your user profile as `$HOME/.qt-license`. If you prefer a different location or file name, you need to set the `QT_LICENSE_FILE` environment variable to the respective file path.
2. Next, unpack the archive. If you have the `qt-everywhere-opensource-src-%VERSION%.tar.gz` package, type the following commands at a command line prompt:

         cd /tmp
         gunzip qt-everywhere-opensource-src-%VERSION%.tar.gz    # uncompress the archive
         tar xvf qt-everywhere-opensource-src-%VERSION%.tar      # unpack it

   This creates the `/tmp/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-%VERSION%` directory containing the files from the archive. We only support the GNU version of the `tar` archiving utility; also known as `gtar` on some systems.

3. Configure the `JAVA_HOME` environment variable. You need to set it and add it to your `PATH`; preferably at the end of `~/.profile`:

         export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64
         export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

4. Next, configure Qt with the following command:

         ./configure -xplatform android-clang --disable-rpath -nomake tests -nomake examples
         -android-ndk <path/to/ndk> -android-sdk <path/to/sdk> -no-warnings-are-errors

   You may provide the `-android-abis` parameter to limit the Android ABIs targeted, such as armeabi-v7a, arm64-v8a, x86, or x86_64:

         -android-abis armeabi-v7a,arm64-v8a

   If the parameter is not specified, Qt is built for all supported ABIs.

5. To build the parts of Qt you have now configured run the following command. nproc is optional, representing the number of parallel jobs your system can do.

         make -j$(nproc)

6. To install the parts of Qt you have built, run:

         make install

   If you haven't used the `--prefix <install-dir>` configure option, the installation is placed under `/usr/local/Qt-<version>`. In Debian/Ubuntu, you should prefix the `make` command with the `sudo` command.

## Installing the Android SDK and NDK on Windows

Note: Currently, it is not possible to use Microsoft's compilers to build the Windows host tools for Qt Android.

### Step 1: Setting up the Development Environment

1. Install the latest Perl from http://strawberryperl.com. Then, select a destination folder, also known as `PERL_ROOT`.
2. Set up the MinGW toolchain by downloading a pre-built Qt package for MinGW, and then add it to your `PATH`, for example: `C:\dev\Qt\Tools\mingw730_64\bin`.
3. Install the latest JDK from https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html. Then, add the <JDK_ROOT> to `PATH`. Alternatively, if you've installed Android Studio, you can use the JDK that's included in your installation's `jre` folder.
4. Install the Android NDK, r18b, from https://developer.android.com/tools/sdk/ndk/index.html. Extract it to <ANDROID_NDK_PATH>.
5. Install the latest Android SDK (tools only) from http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html. Run the Android SDK Manager and install the latest version of "SDK Platform", "Google APIs", and "build-tools" in <ANDROID_SDK_PATH>.
6. Open the `cmd.exe` window and verify that:
   - `where gcc.exe` lists <MINGW_ROOT>.exe first before <PERL_ROOT>.exe.
   - `where mingw32-make.exe` lists <MINGW_ROOT32>-make.exe first.
   - `where javac.exe` lists <JDK_ROOT> first.
7. Add the following environment variables:

         set "ANDROID_API_VERSION=android-28"
         set "ANDROID_SDK_ROOT=<ANDROID_SDK_PATH>"
         set "ANDROID_TARGET_ARCH=armeabi-v7a"
         set "ANDROID_BUILD_TOOLS_REVISION=21.1.2"
         set "ANDROID_NDK_PATH=<ANDROID_NDK_PATH>"
         set "ANDROID_TOOLCHAIN_VERSION=4.9"

   Depending on which NDK you have downloaded, add its path:

         set "ANDROID_NDK_HOST=windows-x86_64"

   or

         set "ANDROID_NDK_HOST=windows"

### Building Qt for Android on Windows

- If you have a commercially licensed Qt, install your license file. If you're using a binary installer or the commercial Qt Creator, your licenses are automatically fetched and stored in your local user profile: `%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Roaming\Qt\qtlicenses.ini`. Alternatively, you can download the respective license file from your Qt Account Web portal and save it to your user profile as `%USERPROFILE%\.qt-license`. If you prefer a different location or file name, you need to set the `QT_LICENSE_FILE` environment variable to the respective file path.
- Next, unpack the archive. Uncompress the files into the directory in which you want Qt installed, for example: `C:\Qt\%VERSION%`. This install path must not contain any spaces or Windows-specific file system characters.
- Run the following command to configure Qt:

        configure.bat -prefix <path to install Qt to> -platform win32-g++ -opengl es2 -xplatform
        android-clang -android-ndk %ANDROID_NDK_PATH% -android-sdk %ANDROID_SDK_ROOT% -nomake tests
        -nomake examples

- To build the previously configured parts of Qt, run the following command:

        mingw32-make.exe -j<N>

  <N> is optional, representing the number of parallel jobs your system can do.

- Now, to install Qt, run the following command:

        mingw32-make.exe install